A survey of downstream applications of evolutionary scale modeling protein language models

Summary

The advent of the evolutionary scale modeling (ESM) series of protein language models (PLMs) is a significant innovation in the convergence of large language models (LLMs) with protein representation. These models, trained on large amounts of unlabeled protein sequence data, learn the intricate patterns of mutation and conservation that have sculpted protein families through evolutionary history. ESM has become a widely used foundation model family for protein representation and downstream biological tasks.